EXAMINING ICU PATIENTS ADMISSION PATTERNS, TREATMENT OUTCOMES AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS IN ZEWDITU MEMORIAL HOSPITAL, ADDIS ABEBA, ETHIOPIA, 2024

Abstract

Background: Intensive care units (ICUs) provide life-saving care for critically ill patients which require essential health care system. In Ethiopia, data on ICU admissions, treatment outcomes, and mortality risk factors is lacking, limiting quality assessment and improvements at Zewditu Memorial Hospital's multidisciplinary ICU. Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine disease patterns, treatment outcomes, and associated factors among patients admitted to the Zewditu Memorial Hospital ICU, Addis Abeba, Ethiopia, 2024 Methodology: A retrospective study was conducted through review of charts for patients admitted to the Zewditu Memorial Hospital ICU from May 01 to 30, 2024. Systematic random sampling was used to select patient records at regular intervals for review. Data was collected via structured questionnaires. Data was analyzed using frequency, percentage, bivariate, and multivariate methods to identify factors affecting job satisfaction among health workers, with a 95% CI and P-value of 0.05 as the cut-off point. Result: Out of 226 charts reviewed, 117 (51.8%) were male and 109(48.2%) were females. The most common Cause for admission to the ICU was medical, 216(95.6%), Infectious cause was the highest among cases admitted to ICU 99 (43.8%). Regarding their outcome, 43.36% of the patients admitted to ICU with in the data collection period were determined to be dead while there is only a record of 20.8% being discharged home. In multivariate analysis GCS score of have 3.451 [AOR=3.451] 95% CI (1.476,8.069), RBS result of 131-180 Mg/dl have3.039 [AOR=3.039] 95% CI (1.425,6.481), Intubation status during their ICU stay were 2.215 [AOR=2.215] 95% CI (1.061,4.624) and length of stay at ICU 9.761 [AOR=9.761] 95% CI (2.518,37.833) were found to be significant. Conclusion and recommendation: The analysis revealed a significant association between patient outcomes and GCS score, Random Blood Sugar (RBS) level, need for intubation, and length of stay in the ICU. early identification and intervention optimizing mechanical ventilation, focus on ICU length of stay and continuous quality improvement were forwarded recommendation. Work plan and budget; this study will be conducted from March 2022 to June 2024 and a total budget of 16,339.75 Birr will be required to conduct this study